QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
This is a good broad-spectrum antibiotic and is used first-line in conditions such as sepsis, where the offending pathogen is unknown, or if cultures and sensitivities are pending. It covers both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. However, this question asks specifically about anaerobic cover used in c.diff infection, of which metronidazole is the antibiotic of choice according to NICE guidelines. This patient is also allergic to penicillin. Therefore, this antibiotic should be avoided.
10001493
b
Piperacillin with tazobactam (tazocin)
QuestionChoice
Monotherapy with either nitrofurantoin or trimethoprim is used first-line in the management of urinary tract infections. Nitrofurantoin covers gram-negative and some gram-positive aerobic bacteria. However, this question asks specifically about anaerobic cover used in c.diff infection, of which metronidazole is the antibiotic of choice according to NICE guidelines.
10001494
c
Nitrofurantoin
QuestionChoice
IV metronidazole is used alongside oral vancomycin in the management of severe *c.difficile* infection. Metronidazole is that it is the mainstay treatment for anaerobic bacteria due to its mechanism of action of being cytotoxic to anaerobic microbes. It is therefore used in conditions such as *c.difficile* and also diverticulitis.
10001492
a
Metronidazole
QuestionChoice
Flucloxacillin is the first-line management for cellulitis in non-penicillin allergic patients. It has activity against gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. However, this question asks specifically about anaerobic cover used in c.diff infection, of which metronidazole is the antibiotic of choice according to NICE guidelines. This patient is also allergic to penicillin therefore this antibiotic should be avoided.
10001496
e
Flucloxacillin
QuestionChoice
Ceftriaxone is used first-line in the management of meningococcal meningitis. Although ceftriaxone has coverage against both gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, β-lactam antibiotics such as ceftriaxone should be used with caution in patients with known anaphylaxis to penicillins due to structural similarities. In addition, this question asks specifically about anaerobic cover used in c.diff infection, of which metronidazole is the antibiotic of choice according to NICE guidelines.
10001495
d
Ceftriaxone
Concept
Chapter
2693
3935
Clostridium difficile
Topic
136
Gastroenterology
12845
A 78-year-old man has severe clostridium difficile (*c.difficile*) and is prescribed an antibiotic that specifically targets anaerobic bacteria. He has previously had an anaphylactic reaction to amoxicillin.

Which antibiotic is he most likely to have been prescribed?
a