QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
Spina bifida occulta is the mildest and most common form of spina bifida, where one or more of the vertebrae are malformed. A layer of skin covers the opening in the bones of the spine.
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b
Spina bifida occulta
QuestionChoice
This malformation is characterized by downward displacement of the medulla, fourth ventricle and cerebellum into the cervical spinal canal, as well as elongation of the pons and fourth ventricle. This type occurs almost exclusively in patients with myelomeningocele. Myelomeningocele is a congenital condition in which the spinal cord and column do not close properly during fetal development, resulting in an open spinal cord defect at birth.
10026490
a
Myelomeningocele
QuestionChoice
Closed neural tube defects are a diverse group of disorders in which the spine may have malformations of fat, bone, or the meninges that cover the spinal cord.
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d
Closed neural tube defect
QuestionChoice
Meningocele occurs when the meninges protrude through the spine and cause a sac of spinal fluid on the back. This fluid is typically only around the brain and spine, but a problem with the bony covering over the spine allows it to poke out. The malformation contains no nerves and may or may not be covered by a layer of skin. Individuals with meningocele may have minor symptoms.
10026492
c
Meningocele
QuestionChoice
Anencephaly results in a baby being born without the forebrain and cerebrum. It is a type of neural tube defect. There is no known cure or standard treatment for anencephaly. Almost all babies born with anencephaly will die shortly after birth.
10026494
e
Anencephaly
Concept
Chapter
2693
3840
Spina Bifida
Topic
171
Embryology
17696
A mother has just given birth to her newborn son. On observation, the newborn is noted to have noisy breathing, trouble swallowing and periods of apnoea. The doctor is concerned about an Arnold-Chiari malformation.

Which of the following conditions is most closely associated with an Arnold-Chiari malformation?
a