QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
The occipital lobe is the smallest lobe of the brain and is found posteriorly. The main role of the occipital lobe is visual processing.
10003780
e
Occipital lobe
QuestionChoice
The pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain. The anterior pituitary responds to hormones released from the hypothalamus to release trophic hormones such as thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). These hormones are released into the blood and target other endocrine glands in the body, such as the thyroid gland. The posterior pituitary releases ADH and oxytocin.
10003777
b
Pituitary gland
QuestionChoice
The key role of the hypothalamus is to maintain homeostasis in the body, regulating parameters such as temperature and thirst. It is not involved in the respiratory drive.
10003778
c
Hypothalamus
QuestionChoice
The respiratory centre is located in the medulla, which is a part of the brain stem. Here, there are central chemoreceptors that detect raised CO2 through an increase in H+ ion concentration. When the central chemoreceptors in the medulla detect an increased H+ ion concentration, they signal to the Dorsal Respiratory Group (DRG) which in turn increases firing to the Ventral Respiratory Group (VRG). The VRG fires impulses at an increased frequency to the diaphragm via the phrenic nerve, increasing the respiratory rate to "blow off" excess CO2.
10003776
a
Medulla
QuestionChoice
The frontal lobes are the largest lobes of the brain. They are important for movement and complex behaviours such as judgement, morality, emotion and personality.
10003779
d
Frontal lobe
Concept
Chapter
2693
4200
Neural control of respiration
Topic
150
Respiratory physiology
13302
A 67-year-old female presents to A&E with an exacerbation of COPD.

An ABG is carried out which shows a raised PCO2 and reduced PO2.

Which of the following parts of the brain detects raised carbon dioxide levels and stimulates an increase in respiratory rate?
a