QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
This is the correct answer. Although the quality and quantity of oocytes in ovarian follicles decrease significantly, uterine tissue is still capable of responding to the hormonal signals it receives. The responsiveness of the uterus to hormones is not solely dependent on the ovaries; it is also influenced by the presence of hormone receptors in uterine tissue and the overall health of the uterine lining. This explains why pregnancy is still possible after menopause with exogenous hormonal stimulation and assisted reproductive technology.
10025360
a
Loss of ovarian hormonal function in menopause does not directly affect uterine hormone responsiveness
QuestionChoice
Cardiovascular risk normally increases after menopause, due to reduced oestrogen levels. Oestrogen functions to promote vascular remodelling and elasticity, and regulate reactive dilation and local inflammatory activity. Loss of oestrogen may lead to impaired endothelial function and vascular changes. Therefore, the risk of cardiovascular conditions such as atherosclerosis and ischaemic heart disease increases.
10025362
c
Cardiovascular risk decreases after menopause
QuestionChoice
Although HRT provides symptom control, research suggests oral HRT brings an increased risk of breast cancer, ovarian cancer and thrombosis. Therefore, some women are not suitable for HRT, particularly breast, endometrium, and ovarian cancer patients. There is no one-size-fits-all management plan for menopause.
10025364
e
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is recommended for all women during menopause to alleviate symptoms
QuestionChoice
Smoking has been associated with an earlier onset of menopause. Women who smoke may experience menopause, on average, about one to two years earlier than non-smokers. Alcohol can disrupt hormonal balance, including changes in oestrogen levels, which can influence the timing of menopause. Both smoking and alcohol can exacerbate menopausal symptoms.
10025363
d
Smoking and alcohol consumption have no impact on the timing and severity of menopause symptoms
QuestionChoice
The average age of menopause is 51 years old, with typical range from 45 to 55 years old.
10025361
b
The average age of menopause is 55 years old, with typical range from 50 to 60 years old
Concept
Chapter
2693
3980
Menopause
Topic
133
Endocrinology
17470
A 49 year old woman attends her GP surgery with low mood and frequent hot flushes. Her periods are gradually becoming more infrequent. She is keen to learn more about the menopause and the changes taking place in her body.

Which of the following statements about menopause is true?
a