QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
This is the correct answer. The juxtaglomerular apparatus functions in regulating glomerular blood flow, filtration rate and systemic blood pressure regulation. It is formed by three cell types, namely the macula densa, juxtaglomerular granular (JG) cells and extraglomerular mesangial cells (Lacis cells). JG cells are modified smooth muscle cells found surrounding the afferent arteriole and sometimes efferent arteriole as well. Systemic blood pressure is regulated by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), where baroreceptors are stimulated by low systemic blood pressure and trigger the JG cells to secrete renin. Renin then activates the RAAS, raising blood pressure through the actions of angiotensin and aldosterone.
10027461
a
Juxtaglomerular cells
QuestionChoice
This is not the correct answer. The juxtaglomerular apparatus functions in regulating glomerular blood flow, filtration rate and systemic blood pressure regulation. It is formed by three cell types, namely the macula densa, juxtaglomerular granular (JG) cells and extraglomerular mesangial cells (Lacis cells). The macula densa responds to high sodium levels by releasing vasoconstrictor chemicals that constrict the afferent arteriole. On the other hand, JG cells secrete renin and help in the regulation of systemic blood pressure through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).
10027463
c
Macula densa cells
QuestionChoice
This is not the correct answer. Podocytes are found on the visceral layer of the Bowman's capsule. These cells have finger-like projections (pedicles) and form part of the glomerular filtration barrier which consists of the podocytes, the glomerular basement membrane and the glomerular capillaries from superficial to deep.
10027462
b
Podocytes
QuestionChoice
This is not the correct answer. intercalated cells fall under one of the cell types found in the collecting duct of the renal tubule. They are scattered amongst principal cells and have a role in acid-base balance. On the other hand, JG cells secrete renin and help in the regulation of systemic blood pressure through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).
10027465
e
Intercalated cells
QuestionChoice
This is not the correct answer. The juxtaglomerular apparatus functions in regulating glomerular blood flow, filtration rate and systemic blood pressure regulation. It is formed by three cell types, namely the macula densa, juxtaglomerular granular (JG) cells and extraglomerular mesangial cells (Lacis cells). Lacis cells are located in the space between the afferent and efferent arterioles. On the other hand, JG cells secrete renin and help in the regulation of systemic blood pressure through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).
10027464
d
Extraglomerular mesangial cells
Concept
Chapter
2693
5982
Functions of the kidney
Topic
313
Renal and Electrolyte Physiology
17890
Which type of cell secretes renin?
a