QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
These are globular cells within the alveolar wall that synthesise, store and secrete surfactant. From 24-28 weeks surfactant begins to be produced by the foetal lungs, but it is not sufficiently produced until 32-34 weeks. Surfactant reduces surface tension and allows equal aeration of alveoli.
10006681
a
Type II alveolar pneumocytes
QuestionChoice
These are phagocytic cells derived from blood monocytes. They help remove particulates that have entered the alveolar air space. The alveolar phagocytes produced can be removed via the mucociliary escalator or lymphatics.
10006683
c
Alveolar macrophages
QuestionChoice
These are found within the alveolar wall and produce reticulin and elastic tissue that allow for the elastic recoil of the lungs during exhalation.
10006685
e
Fibroblasts
QuestionChoice
These are squamous epithelial cells that have a flattened nucleus and few organelles to allow for rapid gas exchange.
10006682
b
Type I alveolar pneumocytes
QuestionChoice
This is pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium that contains mucus-secreting goblet cells that line the conducting airways of the respiratory system. The alveoli, where surfactant is produced, have a single layer of squamous epithelium to allow for gas exchange.
10006684
d
Respiratory epithelium
Concept
Chapter
2693
4533
Development of the lungs
Topic
171
Embryology
13883
A baby is born prematurely at 30 weeks. Her mother is worried about her lung development as surfactant has not yet been sufficiently produced to allow for effective breathing.

What cells produce surfactant in the lung?
a