QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
Given the low FEV1 and reduced FEV1:FVC ratio, this patient is presenting with an obstructive lung disease picture. The history of recurrent respiratory infections and lack of extensive smoking history leads more towards a diagnosis of bronchiectasis. This is a condition in which the airways widen, leading to the accumulation of mucus which can result in breathlessness, cough and infections.
10002337
a
Bronchiectasis
QuestionChoice
Sarcoidosis is a restrictive lung disorder, as opposed to an obstructive lung disorder. It would therefore classically present with a FEV1:FVC ratio > 0.7.
10002340
d
Sarcoidosis
QuestionChoice
Pulmonary fibrosis is a restrictive lung disorder, as opposed to an obstructive lung disorder. It would therefore classically present with a FEV1:FVC ratio > 0.7.
10002339
c
Pulmonary fibrosis
QuestionChoice
COPD would typically present with a more extensive smoking history. Additionally, the spirometry results would not show the same level of reversibility after bronchodilator use in COPD.
10002338
b
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD)
QuestionChoice
Asbestosis is a restrictive lung disorder, as opposed to an obstructive lung disorder. It would therefore classically present with a FEV1:FVC ratio > 0.7.
10002341
e
Asbestosis
Concept
Chapter
2693
3726
Spirometry
Topic
132
Respiratory
13014
A 50-year-old male presents to the respiratory clinic with symptoms of breathlessness and a persistent cough. His past medical history includes recurrent respiratory infections, but he takes no regular medications. He started smoking 10 cigarettes per day 2 years ago.

Spirometry is conducted for the patient and the results are shown below:

Forced expiratory volume (FEV1) pre-bronchodilator = 3.0 litres

Forced expiratory volume (FEV1) post-bronchodilator = 3.4 litres

Forced vital capacity = 4.8 litres

Initial FEV1:FVC ratio = 0.63

What is the most likely diagnosis?
a