QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
This best describes the mechanism of action of SGLT2 inhibitors such as dapagliflozin. SGLT2 inhibitors reversibly inhibit sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 in the renal proximal convoluted tubule. This reduces glucose reabsorption and increases urinary glucose excretion.
10002191
e
Reduction of glucose reabsorption by the kidneys and increased urinary glucose excretion
QuestionChoice
This best describes the mechanism of action of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors such as acarbose.
10002189
c
Slowing of gastric emptying and decreasing carbohydrate absorption
QuestionChoice
This best describes the mechanism of action of DPP4-inhibitors such as sitagliptin. Inhibition of the DPP4 enzyme reduces incretin metabolism. Incretins can help stimulate insulin production and reduce glucagon production by the liver, therefore increasing incretin levels by blocking their breakdown is an effective type 2 diabetes treatment.
10002190
d
Inhibition of DPP4, leading to stimulation of insulin production and improved satiety
QuestionChoice
This best describes the mechanism of action of metformin, which is a biguanide used commonly in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
10002188
b
Activation of AMPK in hepatocyte mitochondria which inhibits ATP production and leads to reduced gluconeogenesis
QuestionChoice
Gliclazide is a sulphonylurea which can be used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Sulphonylureas work by binding to SUR1 receptors on ATP-sensitive potassium channels (on beta cells in the pancreas) and stimulating insulin vesicle exocytosis.
10002187
a
Inhibition of the ATP-sensitive potassium channel on pancreatic beta cells, leading to increased insulin secretion
Concept
Chapter
2693
3761
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Topic
133
Endocrinology
12984
Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of gliclazide?
a