QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
Bronchiectasis is caused by the permanent dilatation of the bronchi and bronchioles due to chronic infection. It is not associated with an increased transfer factor.
10003768
c
Bronchiectasis
QuestionChoice
This is the correct answer. Transfer factor is a measure of how well the lungs can take up oxygen - it is measured indirectly by measuring the uptake of carbon monoxide by the lungs. In pulmonary haemorrhages, there is leakage of red blood cells into the alveolar space. These red blood cells, despite not being in the pulmonary vessels, are still able to carry oxygen (and carbon monoxide), which results in an increased transfer factor.
10003766
a
Pulmonary haemorrhage
QuestionChoice
Pneumonia is associated with the presence of fluid and blood in the alveoli. This increases the diffusion gradient for gases, thus resulting in a decreased transfer factor.
10003770
e
Pneumonia
QuestionChoice
COPD is characterised by both chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Emphysema is associated with the destruction of elastin fibres and alveoli, which results in a reduced surface area for gas exchange, and thus a decreased transfer factor.
10003769
d
COPD
QuestionChoice
Pulmonary fibrosis is characterised by increased interstitial collagen deposition which makes it harder for oxygen (and carbon monoxide) to be taken up by the lungs. This results in a decreased transfer factor.
10003767
b
Pulmonary fibrosis
Concept
Chapter
2693
4198
Gaseous exchange and transport
Topic
150
Respiratory physiology
13300
A 37-year-old female is referred for further pulmonary investigations after experiencing dyspnoea.

Which of the following is associated with an increased transfer factor?
a