QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
This is the innermost layer of an artery or vein.
10014327
e
Tunica intima
QuestionChoice
This is a dense layer of fibrous tissue surrounding the testis. It is the middle layer forming the capsule of the testis.
10014324
b
Tunica albuginea
QuestionChoice
The tunica vaginalis is a potential pouch-like structure within the scrotum that lines the testis and epididymis. It forms the outermost layer of the three layers that constitute the capsule of the testis. It has a visceral layer, covering the testis and epididymis and a parietal layer, lining the inner surface of the scrotum. The cavity between the two layers is normally occupied by a small volume of clear fluid.
10014323
a
Tunica vaginalis
QuestionChoice
This is the innermost layer of the capsule of the testis. It consists of loose connective tissue and a vascular plexus extending into the testis itself.
10014326
d
Tunica vasculosa
QuestionChoice
This is the outermost layer of a blood vessel.
10014325
c
Tunica adventitia
Concept
Chapter
## Summary

The **testes** are found in the **scrotum**. The **epididymis** is located on the **posterolateral testicular wall**. The testes are held inferiorly to the abdomen via the spermatic cord. In **embryonic life** the testes are found on the posterior abdominal wall, but during development they descend to the scrotum.

## Anatomy

The testes **contain seminiferous tubules** that are lined by **Sertoli cells **that are involved in the reproductive functioning of males. Within the scrotum the testes are protected by the **tunica vaginalis**. The tunica vaginalis is enclosed by the fibrous **tunica albuginea**.

The **epididymis** is an important connection of the testes that transports sperm from the testes to the prostatic urethra for ejaculation.

The **cremaster** muscle arises from the internal oblique and inserts in the tunica vaginalis.

Its action is movement (raising and lowering) of the scrotum.

It is supplied by the **cremasteric artery**, and innervated by the **genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve (L1,L2)**. The testes also receive blood from the testicular arteries. Their venous drainage is via the pampiniform plexus of the scrotum that course around the testicular artery.

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## Clinical points

- Abnormal amounts of fluid can accumilate betwen the layers of the tunica vaginalis. This is called a hydrocele.
- Twisting of the spermatic cord can lead to compromise of the blood supply to the testis. This is called testicular torsion and it is a urological emergency.
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Picture
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Inguinal Hernia Labels- updated.jpg
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Topic
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Abdominal anatomy
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testes2.gif
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Testes
Topic
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Pelvic Anatomy
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Pelvic Anatomy
Name the annotated structure.

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a