QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
Hydrocephalus is another important differential, however, is not the most likely diagnosis here. Although hydrocephalus would present with evidence of raised ICP, localised prefrontal symptoms are unlikely to be present (though cognitive impairment may be). Furthermore, adult-onset hydrocephalus typically presents with gait disturbance and incontinence, which are not present in this presentation.
10000365
e
Adult-onset hydrocephalus
QuestionChoice
This is an unlikely diagnosis here. Alzheimer's typically presents with early memory dysfunction and loss of executive function. Personality is typically preserved until later in the disease progression. Furthermore, Alzheimer's does not present with signs of raised intracranial pressure.
10000364
d
Alzheimer's disease
QuestionChoice
This patient has presented with evidence of raised intracranial pressure such as morning headaches and papilloedema. Other signs of raised ICP include nausea, vomiting, reduced consciousness and gait disturbance. This patient has also presented with personality change and emotional lability, which are both signs of a pre-frontal cortex involvement (situated in the frontal lobe).
10000361
a
Frontal lobe tumour
QuestionChoice
Although an important differential as frontotemporal dementia can manifest as personality change and emotional lability, this patient has evidence of a space-occupying lesion due to papilloedema. As frontotemporal dementia does not result in raised ICP, it is not the correct diagnosis here.
10000362
b
Frontotemporal dementia
QuestionChoice
A parietal lobe tumour would not result in personality change and emotional symptoms. Parietal lobe tumours typically present with sensory changes, visual field defects, and left-right neglect/confusion.
10000363
c
Parietal lobe tumour
Concept
Chapter
2693
3750
Space occupying lesion
Topic
141
Neurology
12619
A 68-year-old female presents to the clinic with her husband. She reports a recent history of morning headaches. Her husband also reports that she has become more aggressive and often swings from joy to anger suddenly and without provocation. Examination reveals no motor or sensory abnormalities but fundoscopy revealed papilloedema.

Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
a