QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis causes nephritic syndrome so the main presentation features would be haematuria and hypertension. Furthermore, it primarily affects adults aged 20 to 50 years old.
10027940
e
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
QuestionChoice
IgA nephropathy is a cause of nephritic syndrome so would cause haematuria and hypertension rather than oedema and proteinuria. IgA nephropathy is also associated with previous respiratory or gastrointestinal infection which is not mentioned in this case.
10027938
c
IgA nephropathy
QuestionChoice
This patient is presenting with oedema and proteinuria, which are signs of nephrotic syndrome. The most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in this age group is minimal change disease.
10027936
a
Minimal change disease
QuestionChoice
This would present with features of nephritic syndrome due to the inflammation in the glomerulus (i in nephritic for inflammation). There would likely be blood in the urine and no oedema in the face or peripheries. For post-streptococcus glomerulonephritis, there would also be a previous history of an infection or being generally unwell.
10027937
b
Post-streptococcus glomerulonephritis
QuestionChoice
Membranous glomerulonephritis typically presents with nephrotic syndrome so would fit with this case. This is because of proteinuria and oedema. However, membranous glomerulonephritis affects adults aged 30-50 whereas minimal change disease typically affects children.
10027939
d
Membranous glomerulonephritis
Concept
Chapter
2693
4060
Nephrotic Syndrome
Topic
142
Nephrology
17985
A five-year-old girl is brought to the GP by her mother. Her mother states that the girl's face looks swollen, despite no trauma or bruising. She has now noticed a similar effect around the girl's ankles. A urine sample is taken and shows marked proteinuria but no blood.

What is the most likely diagnosis?
a