QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
This is of limited usefulness with regard to anticoagulation therapy
34357
c
Factor VIII levels
QuestionChoice
There are no routine monitoring parameters available for low molecular weight heparin, although one may consider assessing renal function prior to administering this drug. In some instances, Factor Xa levels can be checked and the dose modified but this usually guided by the haematology team
34355
a
No routine monitoring parameter is available
QuestionChoice
Heparin has no effect on the production of white blood cells and routine monitoring is not necessary
34358
d
White cell count
QuestionChoice
This may be measured if the patient was receiving an unfractionated heparin infusion rather than low molecular weight heparin
34356
b
Activated partial thromboplastin time
QuestionChoice
This is not necessary when starting low molecular weight heparin
34359
e
Prothrombin time
Concept
Chapter
#### Monitoring

The BNF advises to monitor lung function (in patients with a history of obstructive airway disease).

#### Overdoses

Overdosages with beta-blockers may cause cardiac effects such as bradycardia, hypotension, syncope, conduction abnormalities, and heart failure. Bradycardia is the most common arrhythmia, but some beta-blockers may induce ventricular tachyarrhythmias secondary to prolongation of QT interval (e.g. sotalol) or QRS duration (e.g. propranolol).
Non-cardiovascular effects include central nervous system effects (including drowsiness, confusion, convulsions, hallucinations, and in severe cases coma), respiratory depression, and bronchospasm.

Management
 - Airway protection 
 - Activated charcoal within 1 hour
 - IV Fluids
 
IV glucagon is the first-line management.
 
For symptomatic bradycardia, IV atropine may be used.

2618
2814
LMWH side effects
Topic
13
Neurosurgery
6882
Case Presentation: A 72 year old woman is recovering on the surgical ward following a total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for endometrial cancer. She is receiving tinzaparin 3500 units SC ON as prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis.


Question: Select the most appropriate option to monitor the effectiveness of this treatment.
a