QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
Atorvastatin competitively inhibits HMG-CoA reductase. This prevents the conversion of HMG-CoA into mevalonate within the liver (which is the rate-limiting step of cholesterol synthesis). Statins aim to reduce LDL cholesterol, and increase HDL cholesterol. Statins are used to prevent cardiovascular events in patients with cardiac risk factors and abnormal lipid profiles.
10006931
a
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
QuestionChoice
Inhibition of folic acid synthesis is incorrect. This is the mechanism of antibiotics such as trimethoprim.
10006935
e
Inhibition of folic acid synthesis
QuestionChoice
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors cause vasodilation, improving circulation and lowering blood pressure. They are used to treat a variety of conditions and contain a number of subtypes. For example, phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE-5) inhibitors primarily act upon the vasculature in the lungs and penis.
10006934
d
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor
QuestionChoice
P2Y12 inhibitors include antiplatelet drugs such as clopidogrel, ticagrelor, and prasugrel. These drugs inhibit platelet activation and aggregation, preventing clot formation. These are used to prevent ischaemic events
10006932
b
P2Y12 inhibitor
QuestionChoice
SGLT-2 inhibitors include empagliflozin and dapagliflozin, which are used to treat type 2 diabetes. These drugs work by inhibiting the sodium-glucose-cotransporter 2 in the proximal convoluted tubule to reduce glucose reabsorption. This results in increased urinary glucose excretion.
10006933
c
SGLT-2 inhibitor
Concept
Chapter
2693
4116
Statins
Topic
169
Cardiovascular pharmacology
13933
A 59-year-old male undergoes investigations following a new diagnosis of angina. Blood tests reveal hypercholesterolaemia, and the patient is subsequently started on atorvastatin. The patient asks how this drug works.

What is the mechanism of action of atorvastatin?
a