QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
Correct - A type II error can be thought of as a 'false negative', where the alternative hypothesis has been rejected in favour of the null hypothesis when in fact the alternative hypothesis is true.
10025645
a
Declaring results not to be statistically significant (P>0.05) when in reality there is a statistically significant difference between groups
QuestionChoice
This is the correct outcome and is not a statistical error. When P values are equal to or greater than 0.05, it can be said that there is not a statistically significant difference between the groups.
10025647
c
Declaring results to be not statistically significant (P>0.05) when there is no difference between the groups
QuestionChoice
This is the correct outcome and is not a statistical error. When P values are less than 0.05, it can be said that there is a statistically significant difference between the groups.
10025648
d
Declaring results to be statistically significant (P<0.05) when there is a difference between the groups
QuestionChoice
This describes a type I statistical error. This can be thought of as a 'false positive', where the null hypothesis has been rejected in favour of the alternative hypothesis when in fact the null hypothesis is true.
10025646
b
Declaring results to be statistically significant (P<0.05) when in reality there is not a statistically significant difference between groups
QuestionChoice
This describes a study being underpowered. The power of a study is the probability that the study will find a statistically significant difference between groups should it exist. Studies not having enough participants can lead to low power and an inability to detect significant differences that may be present between groups.
10025649
e
When the sample size used in a study is not large enough to be able to detect any significant differences that may exist between groups
Concept
Chapter
2693
5845
Types of error
Topic
178
Medical Statistics
17527
A 65 year old man with heart failure is keen to conduct his own review of the literature on effective treatments. He asks his cardiology consultant to explain some key statistical terms, such as the concept of a type II error.

Which of the following best describes a type II statistical error?
a