QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
This is an antibiotic. Parainfluenza virus (among other viruses) is the primary cause accounting for the vast majority of cases of croup. As such, antibiotics are not indicated in the management of croup at this stage.
10005414
d
Amoxicillin
QuestionChoice
This is a short-acting beta-agonist often used in the treatment of asthma and bronchospasm. It is not indicated in the management of croup at this stage.
10005413
c
Salbutamol
QuestionChoice
The most likely diagnosis here is croup. NICE guideline on the management of croup states to administer a dose of oral dexamethasone (0.15 mg/kg) either while awaiting admission to hospital or if hospital admission is not indicated in mild disease.
10005411
a
Dexamethasone
QuestionChoice
This would be indicated where are there significant concerns about the airway of a child, certainly not in this case if they are speaking comfortably.
10005415
e
Nebulised adrenaline
QuestionChoice
Prednisolone is a steroid drug. However, regarding anti‐inflammatory potential, dexamethasone is five to six times more potent than prednisolone. Therefore, it is preferred in treatment of croup. In addition, dexamethasone is a long-acting drug whereas prednisolone is intermediate-acting.
10005412
b
Prednisolone
Concept
Chapter
2693
4401
Croup
Topic
153
Paediatrics
13629
A two-year-old infant presents to the GP with her father. He reports his daughter has had a persistent barking cough over the last five days. On examination, there is an easily audible stridor and sternal wall retraction at rest, but she appears in no distress or agitation. She is interested in the stethoscope you gave her to play with and is able to speak back to you.

Which of the following is the next best step in the management of this patient?
a