QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
A generalised tonic-clonic seizure is characterized by loss of consciousness followed by phases of limb stiffening (tonic) and limb jerking (clonic). Individuals suffering from generalised tonic-clonic seizures also suffer from aura and post-ictal symptoms. They may also experience urinary or bowel incontinence during the episode.
10000358
c
Generalised tonic-clonic seizure
QuestionChoice
Although an important differential, this patient is not suffering from absence seizures. Absence seizures can be differentiated from focal impaired awareness seizures through several factors: absence seizures typically last less than 60 seconds, focal impaired awareness seizures often have postictal states, and patients may have an aura before focal impaired awareness seizures. Absence seizures do not have an aura or postictal symptoms.
10000357
b
Absence seizure
QuestionChoice
Myoclonic seizures are characterised by brief, shock-like jerks of muscle groups. This patient does not express these muscle jerks, and so this is an unlikely diagnosis.
10000360
e
Myoclonic seizure
QuestionChoice
Although this individual is suffering from focal seizures, the history indicates a loss of awareness during seizure episodes. Therefore the diagnosis is unlikely to be focal aware seizures
10000359
d
Focal aware seizure
QuestionChoice
This young patient is suffering from focal impaired awareness epilepsy. Focal seizures arise in one portion of the brain. Focal impaired awareness seizures are characterized by loss of awareness, memory loss, pre-seizure aura, and post-ictal symptoms, and individuals may express automatisms during the seizure.
10000356
a
Focal impaired awareness seizure
Concept
Chapter
2693
3749
Epilepsy
Topic
141
Neurology
12618
A 12-year-old female presents to general practice with her mother, who reports that teachers have mentioned her daughter has been losing awareness in class. These episodes last 90-120 seconds, during which she chews her lip. The girl states she can feel something is wrong beforehand but does not remember anything that happens during the episode. She always feels confused and disorientated afterwards. After referral to secondary care, she is diagnosed with epilepsy.

Which of the following most accurately describes her seizure classification?
a