QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
This is not the correct answer. Pioglitazone is an example of a thiazolidinedione. Thiazolidinediones increase peripheral insulin sensitivity, thus lowering blood glucose levels. It is an add-on option for dual therapy or an alternative initial treatment if metformin is not tolerated. Thiazolidinediones are contraindicated in heart failure, hepatic impairment, and bladder cancer.
10027299
d
Thiazolidinediones
QuestionChoice
This is not the correct answer. Metformin is an example of a biguanide that lowers blood glucose levels by increasing peripheral insulin sensitivity and enhancing hepatic glucose uptake. It is offered as initial treatment if the person fails to meet the recommended HbA1c target of < 48mmol/mol (6.5%) with lifestyle changes. It is contraindicated in patients with severe renal or hepatic impairment.
10027297
b
Biguanide
QuestionChoice
This is not the correct answer. Dapagliflozin is an example of an SGLT2 inhibitor. SGLT2 is the major co-transporter for glucose reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule. As such, SGLT2 inhibitors increase urinary glucose excretion, consequently reducing blood glucose levels. SGLT2 inhibitors are an add-on option for dual therapy or an alternative initial treatment if metformin is not tolerated. Important adverse effects include urogenital infections and it is contraindicated in severe renal impairment.
10027300
e
SGLT2 inhibitor
QuestionChoice
This is the correct answer. GLP-1 agonists stimulate insulin secretion and simultaneously reduce glucagon secretion. It is contraindicated in patients with renal impairment and/or a history of pancreatitis.
10027296
a
GLP-1 agonist
QuestionChoice
This is not the correct answer. Gliclazide is an example of a sulfonylurea. Sulfonylureas stimulate pancreatic beta cells to produce insulin. It is an add-on option for dual therapy or an alternative initial treatment if metformin is not tolerated. Sulfonylureas are contraindicated in type 1 diabetes mellitus and patients with severe renal or hepatic impairment.
10027298
c
Sulfonylurea
Concept
Chapter
2693
5967
Anti-diabetic drugs
Topic
133
Endocrinology
17857
A 50-year-old woman visits her general practitioner for a routine diabetes check-up. She has type two diabetes mellitus. She has a BMI of 32kg/m2 and struggles with glycemic control. She is currently on metformin and dapagliflozin. The doctor suggests adding another drug, exenatide, to help her control her blood glucose levels.

What class of drug is exenatide?
a