QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
This refers to inflammation of the urethra and does not constitute a structural abnormality of the urethra.
10014226
d
Urethritis
QuestionChoice
This is a condition describing symptoms similar to those of a UTI without an underlying infection. The main symptom of this condition is chronic pelvic and urinary tract pain. Interestingly, urethral syndrome is linked to certain allergies and food sensitivities and eliminating these may relieve symptoms.
10014227
e
Urethral syndrome
QuestionChoice
Urethral cancer is rare and may not cause any symptoms in the early stages.
10014224
b
Urethral cancer
QuestionChoice
This is a benign mass usually occurring after menopause and does not usually cause any symptoms. Common symptoms include pain or bleeding on urinating.
10014225
c
Urethral caruncle
QuestionChoice
Males are more likely to develop urethral strictures due to longer urethras however it can affect females too. Urethral narrowing that may lead to blockage is known as a urethral stricture. Injury often causes stricturing but infections are also known to cause structuring.
Other symptoms of urethral strictures include pain on micturition, blood in the urine and abdominal pain.
10014223
a
Urethral stricture
Concept
Chapter
## Summary

The female urethra is an epithelium-lined tube that connects the base of the bladder to the external urethral meatus. It is much shorter than the male urethra.

## Anatomy 

- The female urethra is **much shorter** than the male urethra at around **4cm long**. 
- It passes through the **deep perineal pouch** and terminates in the external urethra sphincter or orifice. 
- The **proximal urethra** is lined by **transitional epithelium**, with the distal third containing **stratified squamous epithelium**.

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## Relations
- Anterior: Pubic symphysis
- Posterior: Anterior wall of the vagina. 
- Supeiror: Bladder

## Blood supply

The **internal pudendal arteries** supply the female urethra, along with the vaginal and **inferior vesical arteries**. 

## Innervation

The pudendal nerve supplies the vesical plexus that innervates the urethra. 

## Lymphatic drainage

- Distal urethra and labia: the superficial and deep inguinal nodes
- Proximal urethra: iliac, obturator, presacral, and para-aortic lymphatic chains

## Clinical points

It is theorised that because the female urethra is much shorter than the male urethra, it is easier for perineal bacteria to track along the urethra into the bladder causing urinary tract infections (UTIs) and cystitis. This may be one reason why UTIs are more common in females.
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Female urethra
Topic
237
Pelvic Anatomy
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Topic
237
Pelvic Anatomy
What structural abnormality found here may lead to reduced urine flow as an early symptom?

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a