QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
A cherry-red macula is associated with central retinal artery occlusion, which would classically present with sudden profound visual loss.
10027085
e
Cherry-red macula
QuestionChoice
As their name suggests, these are large haemorrhages on the retina that look like flames. These occur due to pre-capillary arteriole or small vein rupture and occur in hypertensive retinopathy, thrombocytopenia, retinal vein occlusion and trauma.
10027084
d
Flame haemorrhages
QuestionChoice
Cotton wool spots are commonly seen in diabetic retinopathy. They are small white superficial lesions that occur due to tiny infarctions of the neuroretinal layer. Diabetic retinopathy would present clinically with overall gradually worsening vision which is blurred and patchy and a history of diabetes mellitus.
10027083
c
Cotton wool spots
QuestionChoice
Pan-retinal photocoagulation is the first-line treatment for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. It is seen as clusters of pale markings on the retina. The patient is presenting with features of age-related macular degeneration, not diabetic retinopathy, so the most likely finding upon fundoscopy is drusen.
10027082
b
Pan-retinal photocoagulation
QuestionChoice
The clinical features in the vignette point to a diagnosis of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). The most common fundoscopy finding in patients with ARMD is drusen, yellow-white flecks around the macular region, due to the deposition of remnants of dead retinal pigment epithelium.
10027081
a
Drusen
Concept
Chapter
2693
4407
Age-related macular degeneration
Topic
140
Ophthalmology
17814
A 75-year-old woman has had a gradual reduction in visual acuity, particularly for near-field objects, for the last 12 months. Upon further questioning, these symptoms fluctuate from day to day, and she sometimes experiences glare around objects and difficulty adapting to the dark.

What is the most likely finding upon fundoscopy?
a