QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
There is no stage 5 in the Keith-Wagener classification.
10015629
e
Stage 5
QuestionChoice
This is incorrect as stage 3 is due to ischaemic changes and retinal infarction which causes damage to nerve fibres. This is what results in the cotton-wool-like patches. Stage 3 is also where hard exudates and haemorrhages are seen due to lipids and blood leaking into the retina from damaged vessels.
10002499
c
Stage 3
QuestionChoice
This is correct, the silver wiring is due to the walls of the arterioles becoming thickened and sclerosed, resulting in an increase in light reflection, which gives the characteristic silver look.
10002497
a
Stage 1
QuestionChoice
This is incorrect as stage 4 is characterised by papilloedema, which is a result of ischaemia to the optic nerve, causing oedema of the optic nerve and blurring of the disc margins.
10002500
d
Stage 4
QuestionChoice
This is incorrect as stage 2 is due to the focal constriction of blood vessels and arteriovenous nipping where the arterioles compress the veins they cross.
10002498
b
Stage 2
Concept
Chapter
2693
3701
Hypertension
Topic
134
Cardiology
13046
A 73-year-old woman with a longstanding history of hypertension has been observed on fundoscopy to have silver wiring.

Which of the following is the Keith-Wagener classification of her hypertensive retinopathy?
a