QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
This is a disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) that can be used for treatment of inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Its side effects include retinopathy and rash in some patients. It would not cause the symptoms that this patient is experiencing.
10007662
c
Hydroxychloroquine
QuestionChoice
This can cause myelosuppression, nausea, rash, oral ulcers and a decreased sperm count. It would not be responsible of causing symptoms of dysphagia and dyspepsia.
10007661
b
Sulfasalazine
QuestionChoice
Phenytoin is used for the management of status epilepticus. It has a range of side effects that include: acne, anorexia, constipation, paraesthesia, rashes, and tremors. It would not cause dysphagia and dyspepsia.
10007664
e
Phenytoin
QuestionChoice
Amiodarone can be used for management of atrial fibrillation and cardiac arrhythmias. Its side effects can include hypo- or hyperthyroidism as well as corneal deposits, grey skin discolouration, and occasionally liver failure. It would not cause this patient’s presentation.
10007663
d
Amiodarone
QuestionChoice
Bisphosphonates like alendronic acid can cause oesophagitis, oesophageal ulcers, dysphagia and dyspepsia. To reduce the risk of these side effects occurring, there are specific guidelines that patients can follow. These include: taking tablets on an empty stomach 30 minutes before food, sitting upright for 30 minutes after taking the medication, and swallowing tablets whole with plenty of water.
10007660
a
Alendronic acid
Concept
Chapter
2693
4616
Osteoporosis
Topic
170
Clinical Chemistry
14079
A 59-year-old female attends the GP with a 10-day history of upper abdominal pain. She also reports having some difficulty swallowing and a burning sensation in the middle of her chest.

She has no other medical conditions aside from hay fever and osteoporosis.

Which of the following medications is the most likely cause of her symptoms?
a