QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
This patient is suffering from diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). In a young individual with no past medical history presenting with abdominal pain and vomiting, together with pear-drop breath, DKA should be top of the differential list. DKA is far more common in individuals suffering from type 1 than type 2 diabetes.
10025547
c
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
QuestionChoice
There is no indication this is an asthmatic attack, given the absence of shortness of breath or wheeze. This patient is suffering from diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). In a young individual with no past medical history presenting with abdominal pain and vomiting, together with pear-drop breath, DKA should be top of the differential list. The most likely underlying cause of a DKA is type 1 diabetes mellitus.
10025549
e
Acute asthmatic attack
QuestionChoice
This patient is suffering from diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). In a young individual with no past medical history presenting with abdominal pain and vomiting, together with pear-drop breath, DKA should be top of the differential list. The most likely underlying cause of DKA is type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes insipidus is a condition characterised by reduced production of anti-diuretic hormone. It is unrelated to the more common diabetes mellitus which revolves around insulin insufficiency.
10025548
d
Diabetes insipidus
QuestionChoice
Alcoholic ketoacidosis presents similarly with abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting but on a background of chronic alcohol misuse. There is no indication of chronic alcohol misuse in this case, making this option incorrect.
10025546
b
Alcoholic ketoacidosis
QuestionChoice
This is a classic presentation of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), caused by an underlying type 1 diabetes mellitus. In a young individual with no past medical history presenting with abdominal pain and vomiting, DKA as a first presentation of type 1 diabetes should always be towards the top of the differential list. It is made even more likely to be DKA given the classic pear drop breath sign.
10025545
a
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Concept
Chapter
2693
3937
Type 1 Diabetes
Topic
133
Endocrinology
17507
A 15 year old boy presents to the emergency department with sudden-onset diffuse abdominal pain, as well as extensive nausea and vomiting. His mother comments that his breath smells a bit like pear drops. He has never felt like this before. He has no known medical conditions and takes no regular medications.

Which of the following is the most likely underlying diagnosis?
a