QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
Profuse vomiting leads to the expulsion of HCl from the stomach. This results in hypokalaemia, hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis
10026907
b
Profuse vomiting
QuestionChoice
This patient is acidotic. Their PaO2 is low and their PaCO2 is high indicating that this is respiratory acidosis. Their base excess and HCO3- are high indicating metabolic compensation which means that this is a chronic respiratory acidosis. A neuromuscular weakness of respiratory muscles or chronic respiratory disease may lead to chronic respiratory acidosis.
10026906
a
Neuromuscular weakness resulting in chronic hypoventilation
QuestionChoice
Production of ketoacids in diabetic ketoacidosis results in metabolic acidosis. Compensatory hyperventilation would remove some carbonic acid from the blood and an ABG would show a reduced PaCO2 and elevated PaO2
10026910
e
Diabetic ketoacidosis resulting in compensatory hyperventilation
QuestionChoice
Reduced end-organ perfusion means cells require anaerobic respiration to produce ATP. This leads to the production of lactic acid and results in metabolic acidosis. PaO2 and PaCO2 are likely to be normal in acute cases with a low HCO3- and base exces.
10026909
d
Sepsis leading to reduced end-organ perfusion and production of lactic acid by cells
QuestionChoice
Hyperventilation results in a low PaCO2 and high PaO2. This results in reduced levels of carbonic acid in the blood and leads to respiratory alkalosis
10026908
c
Anxiety attack leading to acute hyperventilation
Concept
Chapter
2693
5933
Respiratory acidosis
Topic
132
Respiratory
17779
An ABG is performed on a 68-year-old female in A&E. It shows the following:


||||
|--------------|:-------:|------------------|
|pH|7.3|7.35 - 7.45|
|PaO₂|7.5 kPa|11 - 15|
|PaCO₂|10.1 kPa|4.6 - 6.4|
|Bicarbonate|32 mmol/L|22 - 30|
|Base Excess|+3 mmol/L|-2 to +2|


Which of the following best describes a potential cause of this patient's abnormality?
a