QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
This is incorrect. Gabapentinoids such as pregabalin work by inhibiting pre-synaptic calcium channels, reducing the calcium influx into neurons. This prevents the release of excitatory neurotransmitters such as glutamate.
10025894
e
Pregabalin
QuestionChoice
This is correct. Phenytoin is a non-specific sodium channel blocker and acts by increasing the refractory period of these channels, blocking the positive feedback loop that encourages action potentials. This in turn reduces the over-activity of excitatory neurons that generate seizures. As it is a non-selective sodium channel blocker it should be used with caution in heart block or sinus bradycardia.
10025890
a
Phenytoin
QuestionChoice
This is incorrect. Levetiracetam targets the synaptic vesicle protein 2A which is expressed throughout the brain. Through this action it modulates the release of neurotransmitters, preventing the activation of excitatory neurons.
10025892
c
Levetiracetam
QuestionChoice
This is incorrect. Sodium valproate works by increasing the production of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. This reduces the neuronal excitability causing seizures.
10025891
b
Sodium valproate
QuestionChoice
This is incorrect. Benzodiazepines such as lorazepam increase the activity of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA by binding to postsynaptic benzodiazepine receptors.
10025893
d
Lorazepam
Concept
Chapter
2693
5868
Phenytoin
Topic
172
Pharmacology of the Nervous System
17576
A 17 year old patient attends a neurology clinic following a recent suspected epileptic fit. He is commenced on anti-epileptic medication.

Which of the following drugs works by increasing the refractory period of sodium channels?
a