QuestionSBA
QuestionChoice
This is the correct answer. A type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is true (e.g. there is no effect, or no significant difference between groups), but researched falsely reject it in favour of the alternative hypothesis. It is also known as a 'false positive'.
10025470
a
Stating a treatment has a significant benefit when in fact it does not
QuestionChoice
This is not a type 1 error. A type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is true (e.g. there is no effect, or no significant difference between groups), but researched falsely reject it in favour of the alternative hypothesis. It is also known as a 'false positive'. However, a biased sample may reduce the validity of results.
10025474
e
Obtaining a biased sample to receive the treatment
QuestionChoice
This is an example of a Type II error, which is also known as a false negative. A type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is true (e.g. there is no effect, or no significant difference between groups), but researched falsely reject it in favour of the alternative hypothesis. It is also known as a 'false positive'.
10025471
b
Stating a treatment has no significant benefit when in fact it does
QuestionChoice
This is a correct outcome. A type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is true (e.g. there is no effect, or no significant difference between groups), but researched falsely reject it in favour of the alternative hypothesis. It is also known as a 'false positive'.
10025472
c
Stating a treatment has no significant benefit when in fact it does not
QuestionChoice
This is an example of publication bias. A type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is true (e.g. there is no effect, or no significant difference between groups), but researched falsely reject it in favour of the alternative hypothesis. It is also known as a 'false positive'.
10025473
d
Only publishing significant results
Concept
Chapter
2693
5845
Types of error
Topic
178
Medical Statistics
17492
A 37 year old man with colorectal cancer reviews some academic research into an experimental new treatment. He is concerned about the types of error that may be present.

Which of the following is an example of a type I error?
a